Wednesday, December 14, 2022

Power and the Doing of Good


In his Friday Sermon of 09 December 2022 ~14 Jamadi’ul Awwal 1444 AH, Imam- Jamaat Ul Sahih Al Islam International Hazrat Muhyiuddin Al Khalifatullah Munir A. Azim (aba) of Mauritius continues his series of reflections on the state of international politics, and relations. In the previous sermons in the series, Hazrat Khalifatullah (aba) noted the war strategies and economic rivalry of major nations in their quest for global dominance- illustrating these earthly struggles for supremacy with reference to the policies of the United States and  China, in Africa and elsewhere. In the present Sermon, Hazrat Saheb (aba) continues to expand on the broader theme by referencing China's growing global footprint in the world through developing trade and transportation linkages, maritime connectivity projects and other transnational banking and commercial linkages collectively known as 'One Belt, One Road'.  


As against the crass materialism and cut-throat quest for profit over people that is at the heart of these transnational economic initiatives,  Hazrat Khalifatullah (aba) advocates that true politics of imperium should promote just dealings and benefit common people and the society at large by encouraging charitable giving and developing shared facilities. In this context, Hazrat Saheb (aba) points to some outstanding episodes from global history: the critical role played by exemplary Muslim women such as Hazrat Khadtija (ra), and also a lady of the Ottoman household in leaving an enduring legacy of beneficial giving through Waqf endowments. Both affluence and power are opportunities for doing good, especially for the indigent and other less privileged of the society. May Allah (swt) enable everyone of us to live with a wider consciousness about the state of our world, and seek to improve its situation through doing good, individually and collectively at our own levels, Insha Allah, Aameen.    


Read the Friday Sermon Below:


Political Strategies between Pakistan & China


Alhamdulillah, Summa Alhamdulillah, I thank Allah that He has yet again given me the opportunity to present some of the various important aspects of politics, i.e. more specifically the reinforcing of the ties of friendship with other superpowers, and the establishment of some important strategies which would reinforce politico relations between countries. Today, among other things, I will talk to you about the Pakistan-China relationship in terms of investments and others.


One of these major investments is the construction of the Karakoram Highway. The Karakoram Highway is considered the highest paved international road, the highest metal road in the world. It’s certainly one of the world’s most spectacular road connecting Pakistan and China. Tracing one of the many pathways of the ancient Silk Road, this Highway is often called the ‘Eighth Wonder of the World’ due to its high elevation and the extreme difficult conditions in which it was constructed. It took 20 years to complete. The December 1979 issue of the New York Times magazine wrote: “It took twenty years and the life of one worker every mile to carve through towering mountains, glaciers and isolated valleys to build 500 miles long Karakoram Highway through Pakistan to China”.

 

The highway runs about 1,300km (800 miles) from Abbattabad in Pakistan to Kashgar (Kashi, in Chinese) in China, connecting the two neighbours across the Karakorum mountain ranges and includes the highest border crossing in the world: Khunjerab Pass at an elevation of 4,714 meters (15,466 feet) which has also become a tourist attraction.

 

Kashgar is an oasis city in China’s Xinjiang region with a history stretching back more than 2000 years. The city served as a key trading post along the historical Silk Road. The twisted path of this highest metal road comes across miles and miles of barren land with rocky-mountains. Those who have ridden along the highway have said that it presents the most spectacular sceneries that eyes have ever seen, yet it becomes extremely dangerous at various points as the paved international highway has been cut through the highest and the mightiest mountains of the world, namely the Himalayas and the Karakoram. The fearless road builders of China and Pakistan took nearly 20 years to complete this long highway which has been stretched over the hills, gorges, valleys and rivers. The techniques of modern engineering have been used to carve this massive roadway in such a gruelling area - about 15,000 men of the Pakistan Army along with Chinese workers came together to cut through one of the most difficult terrains in the world.

 

So, the Karakoram Highway is the main artery between China and Pakistan since it is the only overland link between the two countries. The governments of Pakistan and China started its construction in 1959 and it was opened in 1979. About 810 Pakistanis [civilians] and about 200 Chinese workers lost their lives during the construction work. Landslides, earthquakes and floods are not uncommon in the region, frequently damaging parts of the highway. A reconstruction and upgrade of the Karakoram Highway is underway under the framework of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and is said to be essential in the economic success of the Gwadar port. The reconstruction and upgrade is divided in different parts and phases.


The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is the centrepiece of the Belt and Road initiative. It is a massive Chinese investment programme that aims to address energy shortages, build out Pakistan’s transportation network, develop a deep-water port at Gwadar, and eventually support Pakistan’s industrial development as a manufacturing hub within China’s growing sphere of influence. Since the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) was launched in 2013, Chinese firms have finalized $ 19 billion in investments in Pakistan, a significant injection of capital that has already served to improve the country’s electrical system and stimulate growth.


The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is an extension of the Karakoram Highway that connects China to the Indian Ocean. With an estimated US $ 54 billion worth of infrastructure projects planned for this stretch, this Corridor is the biggest project under the belt and road banner. It has taken decades of work to build the road from China’s Xinjiang province to Pakistan’s Gwadar port. It is now partially operational and Chinese cargo began to Gwadar port. Eventually, sea ports in Gwadar and Karachi will be linked with Northern Pakistan, Western China and Central Asia.


The symbolism of the Karakoram is as important as is its strategic significance, for it lies at the junction of Pakistan, China, Tajikistan, Afghanistan and India, with a distance of no more than 250 km separating the five countries. One consequence is that Pakistan has acquired importance as a potential energy corridor, since the shortest overland connecting route between the landlocked, hydrocarbon-rich central Asian states, and the Indian Ocean is through Pakistan.


The dry port of Sost at the Chinese-Pakistani border has become the busting trade zone of the Silk Road. Chinese lorries unload their cargo and Pakistani trucks take up the relay to transport the merchandise all across the nation. Another ramification is that the Pakistani dry port of Sost can act as a channel of trade between the central Asian Republic, allowing their exports access to both China and Pakistan. The central Asian countries and Pakistani are major producers of cotton. This also opens up the possibility of joint cotton and textile projects.


The China Pakistan Economic Corridor’s (CPEC) Long-Term Plan (2017-2030) defines four priorities in Pakistan: Gwadar port; energy projects; transport infrastructure (as in upgrading of the Karakoram); and industrial cooperation. The strategy behind the Belt and Road initiative is to diversify transit lines, thereby mitigating China’s vulnerability to external economic disruption and reinvigorating China’s slowing economy. China’s economy is dependent on foreign trade, 90 percent of which travels by sea. To reach ports on China’s eastern coast, seaborne trade from the West must pass through maritime choke points such as the Strait of Malacca. Passage through these maritime chokepoints is secured by another country, the United States, the world’s dominant naval power.


The Karakoram Highway is much more than a road; it’s a rolling, graphic emblem of the China-Pakistan geopolitical embrace, surmounting all manner of economic, cultural, geological and security barriers over decades to the benefit of a strategic objective. And the strategic objective now is the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor’s (CPEC) as the flagship, Belt Road Initiative project.

 

Both countries want to expand its diverse markets through the connecting continents. This Highway has opened opportunities for them which were not there before. So, whether for Africa and Pakistan and various other countries, China is quickly becoming one of the largest superpower after the US. China banking and economic systems work on their own. They do not rely on the dollar. They are independent of it and work to reinforce the Chinese Economic Power in the world.

 

If China like we have seen in the Russia case were to help and merge with key countries in the world, it will soon overcome a large part of the world economy. The fear that China is a great danger for the Islamic system and beliefs remains but the power and plan of Allah surpasses Insha-Allah, any other plan.

 

Here I am talking about China as a strategic political and economic force. Despite its alliance with Pakistan, this does not mean that it has shaken hands with Islam for Pakistan is not Islam.

 

Pakistan like the other Islamic countries elsewhere in the world, mainly Saudi Arabia and Turkey has fallen prey to the West. Everything is being westernized and the key Islamic teachings are being trampled without any fear for the Almighty God Who has forbidden them to do so. But it was not always so. The Islamic setting and position in the world was awe-striking but filled with mercy.


The Ottoman Empire: Waqf & the Righteous Examples of the Women of Islam 


Long ago, Islam used to rule the major cities. It catered both for the rich and the poor. Back in the Ottoman dynasty days, though health care and access to hospital were a luxury that only the rich could afford, the ruling system had many philanthropic persons who cared for the poor. The ‘Gureba-yi Muslimin’ Hospital (Muslim’s hospital for the Destitute) was founded upon the imperative of Bezmialem Valide Sultan in 1843. It was Turkey’s first hospital with state of art facilities. The foundation deed of Bezmialem’s hospital, named after its benevolent founder, who died in June of 1853, stipulates that in addition to their daily cash salaries, the personnel should receive daily meals from the hospital kitchen, the amount of which reflected their hierarchy within the hospital. The hospital which has been serving for many centuries has now defined the resolute vision and mission of being a top-notch training and research hospital. It has now been transformed into a university - the hospital was entitled, Bezmialem Vakif University of Medicine in 2010.

 

Today Bezmialem Vakif University offers courses and programs leading to officially recognized higher education degrees in several areas of study. It is the first thematic research university in Health and life science fields in Turkey and also non-profit private university which aims to make progress in education and health care. The campuses of this university which include school of Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy are located at the heart of the historical city of Istanbul. It is rooted in health and is a pioneer to education. It is a Waqf (endowment) made for a charitable cause.

 

During the Ottoman period, many people, including the Sovereign and his family in the first place, engaged themselves in making a lot of public improvements through the Waqf institution, such as mosques, schools libraries, public kitchens to serve the poor and the destitute, Madrassas, arcades, fountains, roads, bridges, castles, picnic places, care houses for widowed and orphans and kindergartens, among others.

 

The existence of women among Waqf founders like Bezmialem is as important as the Waqf institution itself because this shows that the Ottoman women could entitle themselves to property and had a crucial say in economic life.

 

Waqf is one of the institutions that constituted the backbone of the Ottoman society. Nearly all societal needs were met by way of institutions, the legal stipulations and principles laid down by the founders were generally well abode by. Among the people to whose names Waqfs were designated, there could be found persons from all sectors of the society including, first and foremost, the Sultan and his family.

 

During the Ottoman era, the number of women who instituted Waqfs was quite significant; women from all social strata, from royal sultans occupying the highest echelon of society to ordinary women living in small borough have contributed in varying degrees to the founding and running of Waqfs. Women of the Ottoman dynasty, at whose disposal there were naturally immense revenues, have established Waqf complexes in Istanbul as well as in many settlement of Anatolia, thus giving service to wider areas and sectors of the empire in proportion to their command of material resources. Valide Sultans often used to have a hand in state affairs and influence the decisions taken by their sons.

 

Throughout the Ottoman realms, the Waqf was without any doubt, the primary philanthropic institution which had long served as a major instrument for delivering public goods. For six centuries, the Ottomans largely succeeded to eradicate poverty through Waqf via a voluntary transfer of wealth from the rich to the poor and the latter were fed and taken care of in a decentralized manner.

 

Following the footsteps of other influential Ottoman women, Bezmialem was a patron of arts and architecture. She patronized the implementation of several projects that could be deemed as Sadaqa Jariya (continuous and permanent charity) for the benefits of public. In 1845, she commissioned a wooden bridge at the Golden Horn, known as the Cirs-i-Cedid (new Bridge), and Valide Bridge. The same year, she commissioned the “Gureba-yi-Muslimin” hospital, a fountain, and a mosque in Yenibahce. She also founded the Dolmabahce palace. The mosque consists of a small though lofty dome prayer hall that is preceded by an extensive, truly palatial-looking pavilion. The construction of the mosque began before her death and was completed after her death.

 

We see here that the women of Islam enjoyed and still enjoys all the vital rights to food, shelter, property and decision-making, but alas though they continue to hold all rights but these rights are trampled under the non-Islamic systems in the world today. The West – i.e. mainly the Christian and Jewish ideologies have overcome today’s global society, just like the Holy Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) had predicted.

 

Hazrat Abu Sa’id al-Khudri (ra) reported the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) as saying: “You would tread the same path as was trodden by those before you inch by inch and step by step so much so that if they had entered into the hole of the lizard, you would follow them in this also. We said: ‘Allah’s Messenger, do you mean Jews and Christians (by your words) ‘those before you’?’ He said: ‘Who else (than those two religious groups)?’” (Bukhari, Muslim)

 

Though we, Muslims hold all fundamental Islamic rights as given to us by our Almighty Allah, yet the other powers have succeeded in overpowering us. Why? Why has Islam both as a Way of Life and Spiritual Pathway regressed instead of progressed? This is because we have had blind faith in the promises of the West instead of placing our trust in Allah alone. This is because the Muslims have let go of the Rope of Allah and become divided, this is because manly arrogance have again subdue the women like the servants and slaves of old. Though the women appear to be emancipated and free, yet they lack spirituality. This is because the mosques of Allah have been for a very long time been closed for them, and instead of the mosque, they were directed by the men to go plead others than Allah on mausoleums of dead people.

 

But the first women of Islam were the pioneers of Islam. Even the very first believer of Islam, after the Holy Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) himself is a woman. It was his first wife Hazrat Khadtija (ra) who was his staunch follower and comforter. Islam shows us that the woman’s place is not only reserved for the running of their own household, but also to take care of the household of Islam. Educate a woman in Islam and you will educate a whole nation. The spiritual feeding of a woman is vital to build the foundation of a greater and more solid nation of Islam. The women should be respected and given priority in matters of faith and even the men, be them their fathers, brothers and husbands are encouraged to take good care of them so that they may be firmly established and well-versed in the matters of faith, and in return they can educate and help on their own the whole nation of Islam.

 

The examples of Hazrat Khadtija (ra) and the Valide Sultan of Turkey are but one example of the power of the rich women at the top position of the social ladder. Despite opulence, the Muslims, be it men and women should not forget to help the poor and they should bear in mind that all these riches are temporal and can pose a threat to them in matters of their life in the hereafter. The more they share and help build the society of Islam and help the poor, the better.

 

The goal of Islam is not to integrate few countries to Islam. It is a global invitation for the best reform that man can enable in him through the mighty help of Allah. This help can be achieved through prayer and goodness. This goodness involves helping the Deen of Allah to advance, to progress. The women as key factors of the Islamic society are the carvers of the society. It is the women who shape the mindset of men by the will of Allah. Good women give the right advice and enable the males of their family and society to go from progress to progress.

 

So, Islamic countries should strive to empower themselves for the cause of Islam, and all relations with others should be based on establishing the pure teachings of Islam in those countries and not to fall prey to their worldly and very temporary attraction. Muslims should be generous to others while being cautious in guardian their Iman (faith) and not let go of it, come what may.

 

We, the Jamaat Ul Sahih Al Islam should strive to be model Muslims with the best interest of Islam at heart. Nothing is important than obeying the commands of Allah and establishing ourselves on His Tawheed (unity). Allah required us to turn exclusively to Him and worship Him and to invite others to Him and make them abandon the false deities of their imagination.

 

Insha-Allah, let us all focus and strive for the Victory of Allah, the victory of Islam, reviving the spiritually dead and making them alive in the pure Deen of Allah. We need to extend our help to those who need our help, all for the sake of Allah. Insha-Allah, may the Jamaat Ul Sahih Al Islam be protected from the evils of the Satan and the lures of this world and all my true disciples prosper and take the Community of Islam from success to success. Insha-Allah, Ameen.